Paints
My acrylic paint of choice is Winsor & Newton. They have various set packs available ranging from 6 to 20 colors. Once you learn how to mix colors, a small basic set can help you paint just about anything.
There’s also less expensive brands from the 50 cent bottles of craft paint to generic store brands in tubes. All are great to start getting an idea how to handle paint and mix colors. Make sure at the very least you get a red, yellow, blue, black, and white.
Palette
For most of my small paintings I like to use palette paper. The one I like to use is by Strathmore (it might be in the aisle with the sketchbooks). Also I sometimes use a plastic palette with little wells in it. Wood is not usually a good option with acrylic paints, glass is an ok option too. If you have more of a budget there are plastic palettes with covers.